Human speech production and perception are bi-modal which involves evaluating the speaker’s visual cues and speech signal. Audio-visual automatic speech recognition (AV-ASR) has been an active research area in today’s fastest growing world. This method uses both auditory and visual data to enhance speech recognition. Why Audio-Visual Automatic Speech Recognition? Speech is one of the…

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Introduction: In the vast sea of academic environments, universities are often considered as ships navigating through the dynamic waves of the business world. However, unlike ships sinking due to the water around them, universities face a different threat—being in the comfort zone. Much like a ship that does not sink because of water infiltrating its…

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Cellular structures are the foundation of conventional mobile networks, which are also called “cellular wireless networks” in everyday speech. Cellular patterns involve breaking up a certain amount of land into separate cells. Each cell phone has its own base station that it uses to connect to the network. A question that makes you think is:…

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The surge of authenticity as creators confronts AI. The undeniable integration of artificial intelligence into our daily lives brings forth a crucial realization: the ongoing progression of AI updates and iterations will increasingly raise discussions about machine versus human creation. In the upcoming year, the creative arena will witness a clash between AI-generated content and…

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History of air breathing engine (Ramjet) development programs around the world has been published in books and journals covering no classified information. The previous literatures have been reviewed and highlights are briefly presented here. The ramjet concepts were conceived in the early 1900s, although, actual ramjet testing started after 30 years. Several researchers started rigorous…

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